Scientific Reports· 2026Q1
Green synthesis of TiO₂ nanoparticles using allium sativum skin extract for acridine orange photocatalytic degradation: optimization via R
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- 2026year
Short summary
Garlic skin extract green-synthesized TiO₂ nanoparticles (AS-TiO₂ NPs) achieved 94.62% Acridine Orange dye degradation in 20 min under UV light.
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Key points
- Eco-friendly TiO₂ nanoparticles (AS-TiO₂ NPs) synthesized using garlic skin extract.
- AS-TiO₂ NPs confirmed as pure, crystalline anatase nanoparticles via SEM, EDXA, XRD, TGA.
- Achieved 94.62% Acridine Orange dye degradation in 20 min under UV light (80 ppm dye, 1.0 g/L dosage, pH 9, 55 °C).
- Degradation kinetics followed a pseudo-first-order model (R² = 0.9667).
- Process robustness validated by Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and machine learning.
AI-generated from the title and abstract; the full text is not read.
Abstract
Green synthesis of Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO 2 ) using agricultural waste presents a sustainable solution for wastewater treatment. Here, we demonstrate an eco-friendly synthesis of TiO 2 NPs utilizing garlic skin waste (Allium sativum) as a natural reducing and stabilizing agent, eliminating hazardous chemicals. Characterization via SEM, EDXA, XRD, and TGA confirmed the formation of pure, thermally stable, crystalline anatase nanoparticles. Under UV light irradiation, the synthesized AS-TiO 2 NPs achieved a maximum Acridine Orange (AO) dye degradation efficiency of 94.62% within 20 min (dosage 1.0 g/L, pH 9, 55 °C, 80 ppm dye). The degradation kinetics strictly followed a pseudo-first-order model (R^2 = 0.9667). Furthermore, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) via a Box-Behnken Design (BBD) in R and Machine Learning validation confirmed the robustness and predictive accuracy of the process.
The authors' abstract, as published at the source. Scientific Reports, 2026 · DOI ↗
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Field: Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the EnvironmentEnergy