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Journal of Clinical Epidemiology· 2013Q1· Review

Systematic review of the Hawthorne effect: New concepts are needed to study research participation effects

Jim McCambridge, John Witton, Diana R Elbourne

Short summary

A systematic review of 19 studies found that research participation can indeed alter participant behavior (the Hawthorne effect), but the conditions, mechanisms, and precise magnitude of this effect remain largely unknown.

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Field: Developmental and Educational Psychology

Developmental and Educational PsychologyPsychology