Nano Letters· 2026Q1
Toward Accurate Molecular Counting in EC-STORM via Reversible Stochastic Dye Switching
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- 2026year
Short summary
Electrochemical STORM (EC-STORM) uses potential cycling to convert long fluorophore ON-events into repeated fluorescence bursts, enabling accurate molecular counting by summing modulated ON-events over cycles.
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Key points
- EC-STORM modulates fluorophore ON-events via potential cycling, converting long ON-times into repeated fluorescence bursts.
- Molecular counting is based on the total modulated ON-events accumulated over repeated cycles.
- Experiments with DNA origami demonstrated a linear relationship between ON-event frequency and dye number.
- A weighted Poisson model accurately described ON-event distributions for samples with up to 13 labeling sites, accounting for incomplete labeling.
AI-generated from the title and abstract; the full text is not read.
Abstract
Abstract Molecular counting using stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM), is often limited by random fluorophore reblinking, which makes repeated localization events hard to assign to the same or different molecules. Here, we turn reblinking from a source of uncertainty into a counting strategy by modulating fluorophore ON-events with electrochemical STORM (EC-STORM). Potential cycling converts long ON-events into repeated fluorescence bursts. This enables counting to be based on the total modulated ON-events accumulated over repeated cycles. Using DNA origami with spatially resolvable dyes, we validate EC-STORM counting and show that ON-event frequency scales linearly with dye number. We next applied the method to DNA origami with up to 13 labeling sites, where individual dyes could not be spatially resolved. A weighted Poisson model accounting for incomplete labeling can successfully describe the resulting ON-event distributions. Together, these results establish EC-STORM as an actively controlled approach for quantitative molecular counting in super-resolution microscopy.
The authors' abstract, as published at the source. Nano Letters, 2026 · DOI ↗
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BiophysicsBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology