Nonlinear interpolation and the flow map of quasilinear equations

Abstract

We prove an interpolation theorem for nonlinear functionals defined on scales of Banach spaces that generalize Besov spaces. It applies to functionals defined only locally, requiring only some weak Lipschitz conditions, extending those introduced by Lions and Peetre. Our analysis is self-contained and independent of any previous results in interpolation theory. It depends solely on the concepts of Friedrichs’ mollifiers, seen through the formalism introduced by Hamilton, combined with the frequency envelopes introduced by Tao and used recently by two of the present authors and others to study the Cauchy problem for various quasilinear evolutions in partial differential equations. Inspired by this latter work, our main application states that, for an abstract flow map of a quasilinear problem, both the continuity of the flow as a function of time and the continuity of the data-to-solution map follow automatically from the estimates that are usually proven when establishing the existence of solutions: propagation of regularity via tame a priori estimates for higher regularities and contraction for weaker norms.

The authors' abstract, as published at the source. Journal of the European Mathematical Society, 2026 · DOI ↗