Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy· 2026Q1· Review
Hydrogen sulfide in bone homeostasis: Mechanisms and therapeutic potential
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- Q1SCImago
- 2026year
Short summary
Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) dynamically regulates bone homeostasis by coordinating osteoblasts, osteoclasts, immune responses, and metabolic adaptation, with its effects being context-dependent on concentration, release, and microenvironment.
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Key points
- H₂S coordinates osteoblast-lineage cells, osteoclasts, macrophage-mediated immune responses, and metabolic stress adaptation to maintain bone homeostasis.
- H₂S exerts context-dependent effects influenced by concentration, release kinetics, cellular source, disease state, and the immune-metabolic microenvironment.
- H₂S acts as a dynamic mediator linking cellular function, microenvironmental remodeling, and skeletal homeostasis.
- H₂S-targeted interventions, including sustained-release donors and biomaterials, show promise for bone repair and regeneration.
AI-generated from the title and abstract; the full text is not read.
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), as an endogenous gaseous signaling molecule, plays a central and complex regulatory role in maintaining bone homeostasis. This review summarizes the current evidence that H₂S participates in skeletal remodeling through coordinated regulation of osteoblast-lineage cells, osteoclasts, macrophage-mediated immune responses, and metabolic stress adaptation. Rather than acting as a simple unidirectional bone-protective factor, H₂S exerts context-dependent effects that are shaped by local concentration, release kinetics, cellular source, disease state, and the surrounding immune-metabolic microenvironment. These properties allow H₂S to serve as a dynamic mediator linking cellular function, microenvironmental remodeling, and skeletal homeostasis. With the development of sustained-release donors, microenvironment-responsive biomaterials, enzyme-modulating approaches, and combination strategies, H₂S-targeted interventions have become a promising direction for bone repair and regeneration. This review integrates cellular mechanisms, disease-associated H₂S synthesis disorders, and translational strategies to clarify the context-dependent role of H₂S in bone homeostasis and to provide perspectives for precision skeletal repair.
The authors' abstract, as published at the source. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 2026 · DOI ↗
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Field: Biochemistry (Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology)
BiochemistryBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology