Root and root canal morphology of mandibular anterior teeth in a Jordanian subpopulation: a cross-sectional cone-beam computed tomography study

Abstract

Abstract Objectives Numerous studies have explored variations in root anatomy and root canal morphology across different populations, but few have focused on the Jordanian population. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of root anatomy and canal morphology in permanent mandibular anterior teeth of a Jordanian subpopulation using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and methods CBCT scans from 127 Jordanian patients (76 females and 51 males; mean age, 40.4 years; range, 12–86 years) were retrospectively evaluated, comprising 728 eligible permanent mandibular anterior teeth. Canal configurations were classified according to Vertucci’s classification. Results At the tooth level, 100 of 728 teeth (13.7%) contained two canals, most frequently in lateral incisors (18.3%) and least frequently in canines (8.0%). This included two two-rooted mandibular canines, each containing one canal per root, resulting in 730 roots and 828 canals overall. Vertucci type I was the predominant configuration (86.6%). No significant sex-related differences were found. Conclusion A second canal, though uncommon, should be anticipated when treating mandibular anterior teeth in Jordanian patients.

The authors' abstract, as published at the source. BMC Oral Health, 2026 · DOI ↗