BMC Public Health· 2026Q1
Snakebite in Khuzestan Province, Iran: epidemiological trends and demographic characteristics, 2020–2024
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- Q1SCImago
- 2026year
Short summary
Recorded snakebite cases in Khuzestan Province, Iran, increased from 2020-2024, with 787 cases documented, predominantly affecting males (78.5%), rural residents (67.7%), and individuals aged 31-50 (42.1%), peaking in summer (42.2%).
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Key points
- Recorded snakebite cases in Khuzestan Province showed an increasing trend from 2020 to 2024.
- Males (78.5%), rural residents (67.7%), and individuals aged 31-50 (42.1%) were the most affected demographics.
- The highest incidence of snakebites occurred during summer (42.2%).
- Lower extremities were the most common bite site (44.6%), with pain and swelling being the main clinical signs (73.0%).
- All 787 documented patients recovered, with 90.7% treated with 1-5 vials of antivenom.
AI-generated from the title and abstract; the full text is not read.
Abstract
Abstract Introduction Snakebite is recognized as a neglected tropical disease and remains an important public health concern worldwide. Owing to its distinctive climate and extensive agricultural activities, Khuzestan Province is recognized as a region with a substantial snakebite burden in Iran. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological pattern and spatiotemporal distribution of recorded snakebite cases in Khuzestan from 2020 to 2024. Methods This retrospective registry- and hospital-based descriptive study evaluated 787 registered snakebite envenomation cases admitted to the referral Razi and Abuzar hospitals over a five-year period using a census approach. Data were analyzed in SPSS version 22 using the chi-square test and the Linear-by-Linear Association test for temporal trends and the geographic distribution of cases according to patients’ county of residence was mapped using ArcGIS version 10.2. Results The results demonstrated an increasing trend in recorded snakebite cases during the study period. The majority of recorded cases occurred among males (78.5%), rural residents (67.7%), and individuals aged 31–50 years (42.1%). The highest proportion of recorded cases was observed in summer (42.2%). The lower extremities (44.6%) were the most common anatomical site of bite, and pain and swelling (73.0%) were the most frequently reported clinical manifestations. The majority of patients (90.7%) were treated with 1–5 vials of antivenom. No fatalities were reported, and all patients recovered. The highest caseloads were observed among patients residing in Ahvaz and Shadegan Counties. Conclusion The upward trend in the number of recorded snakebite cases in Khuzestan underscores the need for targeted educational interventions for the most frequently affected groups, particularly farmers and rural residents. Strengthening healthcare infrastructure in areas with higher reported case counts and improving clinical data recording systems are essential for preventive planning and effective management of snakebites.
The authors' abstract, as published at the source. BMC Public Health, 2026 · DOI ↗
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ToxicologyPharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics