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Computers· 2026Q1

Open or Frontier? A Cost- and Energy-Aware Benchmark of Large Language Models for Software Vulnerability Detection

Patrick Deininger, Wolfgang Slany

Short summary

Open-weight LLMs outperform frontier (proprietary) models in software vulnerability detection when considering both accuracy and cost/energy efficiency, with a 4B parameter open model matching frontier quality at 1/66th the price.

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Field: Information Systems

Information SystemsComputer Science