Chemical Society Reviews· 2016Q1· Review
Electrochemical capacitors: mechanism, materials, systems, characterization and applications
- 3,751citations
- Q1SCImago
- 2016year
Short summary
This review clarifies the charge storage mechanisms, materials, and applications of electrochemical capacitors (supercapacitors), highlighting a newly developed intercalative pseudocapacitive behavior that bridges conventional pseudocapacitance and battery-like storage.
AI-generated from the title and abstract; the full text is not read.
Key points
- Supercapacitors store energy via ion adsorption (double-layer capacitors) or surface redox reactions (pseudocapacitors).
- A new intercalative pseudocapacitive mechanism is presented, bridging battery-like and conventional pseudocapacitive storage.
- The review covers materials, systems, characterization, and applications of supercapacitors.
- Supercapacitors provide high power density and long cycle life, complementing batteries.
AI-generated from the title and abstract; the full text is not read.
Abstract
Electrochemical capacitors (i.e. supercapacitors) include electrochemical double-layer capacitors that depend on the charge storage of ion adsorption and pseudo-capacitors that are based on charge storage involving fast surface redox reactions. The energy storage capacities of supercapacitors are several orders of magnitude higher than those of conventional dielectric capacitors, but are much lower than those of secondary batteries. They typically have high power density, long cyclic stability and high safety, and thus can be considered as an alternative or complement to rechargeable batteries in applications that require high power delivery or fast energy harvesting. This article reviews the latest progress in supercapacitors in charge storage mechanisms, electrode materials, electrolyte materials, systems, characterization methods, and applications. In particular, the newly developed charge storage mechanism for intercalative pseudocapacitive behaviour, which bridges the gap between battery behaviour and conventional pseudocapacitive behaviour, is also clarified for comparison. Finally, the prospects and challenges associated with supercapacitors in practical applications are also discussed.
The authors' abstract, as published at the source. Chemical Society Reviews, 2016 · DOI ↗
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Field: Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Electronic, Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMaterials Science