Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology· 2018Q2· Review
Review on nanoparticles and nanostructured materials: history, sources, toxicity and regulations
- 3,242citations
- Q2SCImago
- 2018year
Short summary
This review compares synthetic and natural nanoparticles/nanostructured materials, detailing their history, sources, nanoscale properties, toxic effects on mammalian cells, and current international regulations.
AI-generated from the title and abstract; the full text is not read.
Key points
- Nanomaterials (NMs) offer enhanced properties over bulk materials due to their tunable physical, chemical, and biological characteristics.
- NMs are classified by size, composition, shape, and origin, with predictable properties increasing their value.
- The review compares synthetic and natural NPs/NSMs, identifying knowledge gaps in risk assessment.
- Toxic effects on mammalian cells and tissues, along with associated toxic reactions, are discussed.
- International regulations aimed at reducing risks from NM use are presented.
AI-generated from the title and abstract; the full text is not read.
Abstract
Nanomaterials (NMs) have gained prominence in technological advancements due to their tunable physical, chemical and biological properties with enhanced performance over their bulk counterparts. NMs are categorized depending on their size, composition, shape, and origin. The ability to predict the unique properties of NMs increases the value of each classification. Due to increased growth of production of NMs and their industrial applications, issues relating to toxicity are inevitable. The aim of this review is to compare synthetic (engineered) and naturally occurring nanoparticles (NPs) and nanostructured materials (NSMs) to identify their nanoscale properties and to define the specific knowledge gaps related to the risk assessment of NPs and NSMs in the environment. The review presents an overview of the history and classifications of NMs and gives an overview of the various sources of NPs and NSMs, from natural to synthetic, and their toxic effects towards mammalian cells and tissue. Additionally, the types of toxic reactions associated with NPs and NSMs and the regulations implemented by different countries to reduce the associated risks are also discussed.
The authors' abstract, as published at the source. Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology, 2018 · DOI ↗
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Field: Materials Chemistry
Materials ChemistryMaterials Science