Journal of Sustainable Cement-Based Materials· 2026Q1
Enforced aqueous carbonation of heterogeneous cementitious waste fines: CO 2 uptake and performance as supplementary cementitious materials in Portland cement
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- Q1SCImago
- 2026year
Short summary
Enforced aqueous carbonation of cementitious wastes (hardened cement paste, concrete washout sludge, young CDW fines) achieved high CO2 uptake (up to 372 kg CO2/t) and created supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) that boosted Portland cement strength by 27-34% at 7 days and 40-45% at 28 days.
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Key points
- Enforced aqueous carbonation was applied to hardened cement paste (HCP), concrete washout sludge (RCS), and young CDW fines (YCW).
- Carbonation degrees reached 76-99%, with CO2 uptake ranging from 69 to 372 kg CO2/t.
- Specific surface area increased up to 156% and mesoporosity doubled after carbonation.
- SCMs derived from carbonated wastes provided 27-34% strength gains at 7 days and 40-45% at 28 days in Portland cement (30% replacement).
- The quantity of available CaO, not just carbonation degree, dictates CO2 sequestration and SCM quality.
AI-generated from the title and abstract; the full text is not read.
Abstract
Enforced carbonation of cementitious wastes is a strategy to mitigate CO2 emissions and generate reactive supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), yet few studies have analyzed real sources. In this study, three heterogeneous wastes were investigated: hardened cement paste (HCP), concrete truck washout sludge (RCS), and young CDW fines (YCW). The hydrated cement content of the cementitious wastes was 87%, 62%, and 28%, respectively. Enforced aqueous carbonation (100% CO2, 0.02 L·min−1·g−1, L/S 10:1, 6 h) was applied. Carbonation degrees reached 99%, 76%, and 88%, while CO2 uptake was 372, 112, and 69 kg CO2/t. Specific surface area increased up to 156%, and mesoporosity doubled. Carbonated powders tested as SCMs at 30% clinker replacement delivered 27–34% strength gains at 7 days and 40–45% at 28 days above dilution, with RCS matching HCP performance. Carbonation degree alone was insufficient to assess carbonation performance; quantity of CaO available governs both sequestration efficiency and SCM quality.
The authors' abstract, as published at the source. Journal of Sustainable Cement-Based Materials, 2026 · DOI ↗
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Field: Civil and Structural Engineering
Civil and Structural EngineeringEngineering