Journal of Clinical Oncology· 2013Q1· Guideline
Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis and Treatment in Patients With Cancer: American Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guideline Update
- 709citations
- Q1SCImago
- 2013year
Short summary
Hospitalized cancer patients require thromboprophylaxis throughout their stay; outpatients generally do not, except for selected high-risk individuals. Multiple myeloma patients on antiangiogenesis agents need prophylaxis, and those undergoing major surgery should receive it perioperatively.
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Key points
- Most hospitalized cancer patients require thromboprophylaxis throughout their hospitalization.
- Thromboprophylaxis is not routinely recommended for cancer outpatients, but may be considered for selected high-risk patients.
- Multiple myeloma patients on antiangiogenesis agents plus chemotherapy/dexamethasone should receive prophylaxis.
- Prophylaxis is recommended for patients undergoing major cancer surgery, starting pre-operatively and continuing for at least 7-10 days.
- LMWH is recommended for initial treatment and long-term secondary prophylaxis of VTE in cancer patients.
AI-generated from the title and abstract; the full text is not read.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To provide recommendations about prophylaxis and treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with cancer. Prophylaxis in the outpatient, inpatient, and perioperative settings was considered, as were treatment and use of anticoagulation as a cancer-directed therapy. METHODS: A systematic review of the literature published from December 2007 to December 2012 was completed in MEDLINE and the Cochrane Collaboration Library. An Update Committee reviewed evidence to determine which recommendations required revision. RESULTS: Forty-two publications met eligibility criteria, including 16 systematic reviews and 24 randomized controlled trials. RECOMMENDATIONS: Most hospitalized patients with cancer require thromboprophylaxis throughout hospitalization. Thromboprophylaxis is not routinely recommended for outpatients with cancer. It may be considered for selected high-risk patients. Patients with multiple myeloma receiving antiangiogenesis agents with chemotherapy and/or dexamethasone should receive prophylaxis with either low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH) or low-dose aspirin. Patients undergoing major cancer surgery should receive prophylaxis, starting before surgery and continuing for at least 7 to 10 days. Extending prophylaxis up to 4 weeks should be considered in those with high-risk features. LMWH is recommended for the initial 5 to 10 days of treatment for deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism as well as for long-term (6 months) secondary prophylaxis. Use of novel oral anticoagulants is not currently recommended for patients with malignancy and VTE. Anticoagulation should not be used for cancer treatment in the absence of other indications. Patients with cancer should be periodically assessed for VTE risk. Oncology professionals should provide patient education about the signs and symptoms of VTE.
The authors' abstract, as published at the source. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2013 · DOI ↗
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Field: Internal Medicine
Internal MedicineMedicine