ACS Omega· 2026Q1
The Role of TiO2 Powder Concentration in Spin-Coated WO3 Photoanodes
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- Q1SCImago
- 2026year
Short summary
A WO3–TiO2(20%) composite photoanode achieved enhanced photoelectrochemical performance due to TiO2 integration forming a heterojunction network, improving charge separation and transport.
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Key points
- WO3–TiO2 composite photoanodes were fabricated via spin-coating.
- The WO3–TiO2(20%) composite exhibited optimal photoelectrochemical performance.
- TiO2 integration at 20% formed a heterojunction network, improving charge separation and transport.
- Higher TiO2 concentrations (>20%) resulted in particle agglomeration and band gap widening, decreasing performance.
AI-generated from the title and abstract; the full text is not read.
Abstract
Abstract Photoactive tungsten oxide-based coatings were fabricated via a liquid-phase spin-coating method, with the addition of commercial TiO2 powder to make a composite. TiO2-added WO3 thin-film photoanodes (WO3–TiO2 composite) were investigated to identify the optimal concentration level for an enhanced photoelectrochemical performance. In the composite sample WO3–TiO2-(20%), TiO2 integrates into WO3, forming a heterojunction network that preserves crystallinity, improves charge separation, and accelerates charge transport. Further increasing the TiO2 concentration promotes particle agglomeration, increases the contribution of the wide band gap TiO2 phase, and consequently leads to band gap widening, reduced visible-light absorption, and less efficient charge transfer. The WO3–TiO2(20%) composite exhibits the best energy alignment, fastest interfacial kinetics, and highest photocurrent. This work demonstrates a novel, facile, solution-processed, and reproducible spin-coating route to explore the critical TiO2 concentration threshold in the WO3–TiO2 heterojunctions.
The authors' abstract, as published at the source. ACS Omega, 2026 · DOI ↗
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Field: Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the EnvironmentEnergy