Large-time behaviour of the spherically symmetric solution to an outflow problem for an isentropic model of compressible viscous fluid

Abstract

We study the large time behaviour of a spherically symmetric motion of out-flowing isentropic and compressible viscous gas. The fluid occupies an unbounded exterior domain in $\mathbb{R}^n \; (n \ge 2)$, and it flows out from an inner sphere centred at the origin of radius $r=1$. The unique existence of a stationary solution satisfying the outflow boundary condition has been obtained by I. Hashimoto and A. Matsumura in 2021. The main aim of present paper is to show that this stationary solution becomes a time asymptotic state to the initial boundary value problem with the same boundary and spatial asymptotic conditions. Here, the initial data is chosen arbitrarily large if it belongs to the suitable weighted Sobolev space. The main strategy is to approximate the unbounded exterior problem by solving a sequence of outflow-inflow initial boundary value problems posed in finite annular domain. Then the solution is obtained as a limit of these approximate solutions. The key argument for the stability theorem is based on the derivation of a-priori estimates in the weighted Sobolev space, executed under the Lagrangian coordinate. The essential step of the proof is to obtain the point-wise upper and lower bound for the density. It is derived through employing a representation formula of the density with the aid of the weighted energy method.

The authors' abstract, as published at the source. Journal de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées, 2026 · DOI ↗