Exercise Therapy and Education for Young Adults With Persistent Knee Problems After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Chronic knee symptoms and early-onset osteoarthritis are common after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Evidence to inform management is needed. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether physiotherapist-supervised exercise therapy with education is superior to a single education session and self-directed exercise resource for young adults with persistent knee problems after ACLR. DESIGN: Parallel-group randomized trial. (Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12620001164987). SETTING: Community. PARTICIPANTS: 184 young adults (aged 18 to 40 years) with persistent knee problems 9 to 36 months after ACLR. INTERVENTION: = 92). MEASUREMENTS: at 12 months and thigh muscle strength, patient-perceived global rating of change, and cartilage thickness and composition on magnetic resonance imaging at 4 and 12 months. RESULTS: scores improved more in the SUPER group than in the control group (14.1 vs. 9.4; adjusted mean difference, 4.8 [95% CI, 1.4 to 8.2]). At 4 months, SUPER resulted in greater muscle strength gains and higher rates of success on global rating of change (for example, pain 73% vs. 40%). Between-group differences narrowed at 12 months as the control group continued to improve, whereas SUPER gains were sustained. There were no between-group differences seen in cartilage thickness or composition. LIMITATION: Unblinded participants. CONCLUSION: For young adults with persistent knee problems after ACLR, physiotherapist-supervised exercise therapy with education improved patient-reported outcomes compared with a single education session and self-directed exercise resource, but these between-group differences may not be sustained over time. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: National Health and Medical Research Council.

The authors' abstract, as published at the source. Annals of Internal Medicine, 2026 · DOI ↗