Assessing digital–sustainability synergy in twin transformation: a weighted maturity model and case applications

Abstract

The emergence of Twin Transformation (TT), which combines digital and sustainability transformation, presents a complex challenge for organizations aiming to align these strategic imperatives. While several studies have developed frameworks and roadmaps for TT in organizations, there is still a lack of comprehensive models that holistically evaluate an organization’s maturity in this area. This study contributes to the TT literature by proposing a framework to assess the maturity of TT in organizations. The study draws on organizational design theory to identify and structure the critical dimensions of TT maturity and employs a structured weighting approach (Best-Worst Method) to develop a comprehensive maturity assessment tool. A self-assessment questionnaire is also developed to help organizations determine their current maturity level across six dimensions and fourteen sub-dimensions, identify capability gaps, and prioritize improvement initiatives. The model is validated through two case studies in manufacturing and service industries. The results reveal that while both organizations demonstrate strategic awareness of TT, they remain at beginner maturity levels, highlighting a fundamental gap between strategic intent and operational implementation. Two cases also illustrate the model's value in providing organizations with a prioritized roadmap for resource allocation and capability development in their TT journey.

The authors' abstract, as published at the source. Production & Manufacturing Research, 2026 · DOI ↗