Earliest Evidence for the Ivory Trade in Southern Africa: Isotopic and ZooMS Analysis of Seventh–Tenth Century ad Ivory from KwaZulu-Natal

Short summary

Ivory artifacts from three South African sites (KwaGandaganda, Ndondondwane, Wosi) dating to the 7th-10th centuries AD show evidence of elephant ivory procurement from both local river valleys and distant savannah environments, predating known ivory trade routes by 200 years.

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