Global, regional, and national burden of chronic kidney disease in adults, 1990–2023, and its attributable risk factors: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023

Short summary

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affected 788 million adults globally in 2023, a doubling since 1990, with a 14.2% age-standardized prevalence. CKD was the ninth leading cause of death, causing 1.48 million deaths, and contributed to 11.5% of cardiovascular deaths.

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