Environmental Chemistry Letters· 2021Q1· Review
Hydrogen production, storage, utilisation and environmental impacts: a review
- 994citations
- Q1SCImago
- 2021year
Short summary
Hydrogen is emerging as a key clean energy vector for decarbonisation, with global demand projected to reach 120 million tonnes by 2024.
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Key points
- Global hydrogen demand is projected to increase from 70 million tonnes (2019) to 120 million tonnes by 2024.
- Key production methods include water electrolysis, steam methane reforming, methane pyrolysis, and coal gasification.
- Hydrogen is utilized across power systems, transportation, chemical production, and metallurgy.
- Combining electrolysis with geological storage (reservoirs, salt caverns) effectively shifts off-peak energy to meet on-peak demand.
AI-generated from the title and abstract; the full text is not read.
Abstract
Abstract Dihydrogen (H 2 ), commonly named ‘hydrogen’, is increasingly recognised as a clean and reliable energy vector for decarbonisation and defossilisation by various sectors. The global hydrogen demand is projected to increase from 70 million tonnes in 2019 to 120 million tonnes by 2024. Hydrogen development should also meet the seventh goal of ‘affordable and clean energy’ of the United Nations. Here we review hydrogen production and life cycle analysis, hydrogen geological storage and hydrogen utilisation. Hydrogen is produced by water electrolysis, steam methane reforming, methane pyrolysis and coal gasification. We compare the environmental impact of hydrogen production routes by life cycle analysis. Hydrogen is used in power systems, transportation, hydrocarbon and ammonia production, and metallugical industries. Overall, combining electrolysis-generated hydrogen with hydrogen storage in underground porous media such as geological reservoirs and salt caverns is well suited for shifting excess off-peak energy to meet dispatchable on-peak demand.
The authors' abstract, as published at the source. Environmental Chemistry Letters, 2021 · DOI ↗
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Field: Energy Engineering and Power Technology
Energy Engineering and Power TechnologyEnergy