Energy & Environmental Science· 2013Q1
Lithium metal anodes for rechargeable batteries
- 4,667citations
- Q1SCImago
- 2013year
Short summary
Lithium metal anodes, despite their high capacity and low potential, have been hindered by uncontrollable dendritic growth and low Coulombic efficiency, preventing practical application for 40 years.
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Key points
- Lithium metal offers superior theoretical specific capacity (3860 mA h g−1) and low electrochemical potential (−3.040 V vs. SHE).
- Uncontrollable dendritic lithium growth and limited Coulombic efficiency are major obstacles to practical application.
- Safe and efficient lithium metal anodes are critical for the success of post-Li-ion battery technologies.
- The paper reviews factors affecting anode morphology and Coulombic efficiency, characterization techniques, and modeling of dendrite growth.
AI-generated from the title and abstract; the full text is not read.
Abstract
Lithium (Li) metal is an ideal anode material for rechargeable batteries due to its extremely high theoretical specific capacity (3860 mA h g−1), low density (0.59 g cm−3) and the lowest negative electrochemical potential (−3.040 V vs. the standard hydrogen electrode). Unfortunately, uncontrollable dendritic Li growth and limited Coulombic efficiency during Li deposition/stripping inherent in these batteries have prevented their practical applications over the past 40 years. With the emergence of post-Li-ion batteries, safe and efficient operation of Li metal anodes has become an enabling technology which may determine the fate of several promising candidates for the next generation energy storage systems, including rechargeable Li–air batteries, Li–S batteries, and Li metal batteries which utilize intercalation compounds as cathodes. In this paper, various factors that affect the morphology and Coulombic efficiency of Li metal anodes have been analyzed. Technologies utilized to characterize the morphology of Li deposition and the results obtained by modelling of Li dendrite growth have also been reviewed. Finally, recent development and urgent need in this field are discussed.
The authors' abstract, as published at the source. Energy & Environmental Science, 2013 · DOI ↗
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Field: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Electrical and Electronic EngineeringEngineering