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International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction· 2026Q1

Result-Oriented Generation Meets Process-Oriented Creation: Understanding the Tension Between Generative AI and Craft Practice

Haiqing Xu, Jing Li, Naixin Hou, Xianghua Ding et al.

Short summary

Generative AI's focus on instant, finished outputs clashes with craft's process-driven approach, where meaning emerges through iterative making and embracing imperfections.

AI-generated from the title and abstract; the full text is not read.

Key points

  • GenAI's result-oriented paradigm conflicts with craft's process logic, hindering temporal incubation and imperfection transformation.
  • Craft practitioners negotiate GenAI's role through selective adoption and boundary-setting, rather than simple acceptance or rejection.
  • A Human-GenAI Co-Creation Framework is proposed, detailing the interaction between human judgment, material resistance, and GenAI in embodied craft.
  • The study extends GenAI-creativity discourse beyond digital contexts to embodied, material practices.

AI-generated from the title and abstract; the full text is not read.

Abstract

Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) is reshaping creative work, yet research focuses mainly on digital creation, with limited attention to embodied practices grounded in material interaction and physical making. Taking craft as an entry point, we examine GenAI in craft through a two-phase qualitative study with 28 practitioners across domains. We find a partial misalignment between GenAI’s result-oriented paradigm and craft’s process logic. GenAI tends to respond through instant generation and finished-state outputs, hindering temporal incubation, in which ideas and meaning emerge through repeated making, and imperfection transformation, in which errors and material constraints become creative opportunities. Craft practitioners do not simply accept or reject GenAI, but negotiate its role through selective adoption and boundary-setting. We propose a Human–GenAI Co-Creation Framework for Embodied Craft Practice, characterizing how human judgment, material resistance, and GenAI interact in making. This extends GenAI–creativity discourse beyond digital contexts and informs design of systems supporting embodied creation.

The authors' abstract, as published at the source. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 2026 · DOI ↗

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Field: Museology

MuseologyArts and Humanities