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Resources Conservation and Recycling· 2017Q1

The circular economy: New or Refurbished as CE 3.0? — Exploring Controversies in the Conceptualization of the Circular Economy through a Focus on History and Resource Value Retention Options

Denise Reike, Walter J.V. Vermeulen, Sjors Witjes

Short summary

The circular economy concept, while popular for sustainability, is not new and has evolved through three phases, with current high global circularity mainly from energy recovery and recycling.

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Field: Strategy and Management

Strategy and ManagementBusiness, Management and Accounting