Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry· 2018Q3· Review
Current Mechanistic Concepts in Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury
- 1,345citations
- Q3SCImago
- 2018year
Short summary
Reperfusion after ischemia triggers secondary injury via increased inflammation and reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to cell death through apoptosis, autophagy, necrosis, and necroptosis.
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Key points
- Reperfusion following ischemia exacerbates injury through increased local inflammation and ROS production.
- Key enzymatic systems involved include NADPH oxidase, nitric oxide synthase, and xanthine oxidase.
- Cellular damage pathways include apoptosis, autophagy, necrosis, and necroptosis.
- Understanding these interlinked cell death pathways can reveal new therapeutic targets.
AI-generated from the title and abstract; the full text is not read.
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury is associated with serious clinical manifestations, including myocardial hibernation, acute heart failure, cerebral dysfunction, gastrointestinal dysfunction, systemic inflammatory response syndrome, and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Ischemia-reperfusion injury is a critical medical condition that poses an important therapeutic challenge for physicians. In this review article, we present recent advances focusing on the basic pathophysiology of ischemia-reperfusion injury, especially the involvement of reactive oxygen species and cell death pathways. The involvement of the NADPH oxidase system, nitric oxide synthase system, and xanthine oxidase system are also described. When the blood supply is re-established after prolonged ischemia, local inflammation and ROS production increase, leading to secondary injury. Cell damage induced by prolonged ischemia-reperfusion injury may lead to apoptosis, autophagy, necrosis, and necroptosis. We highlight the latest mechanistic insights into reperfusion-injury-induced cell death via these different processes. The interlinked signaling pathways of cell death could offer new targets for therapeutic approaches. Treatment approaches for ischemia-reperfusion injury are also reviewed. We believe that understanding the pathophysiology ischemia-reperfusion injury will enable the development of novel treatment interventions.
The authors' abstract, as published at the source. Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry, 2018 · DOI ↗
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Field: Pathology and Forensic Medicine
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