Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy· 2023Q1· Review
The blood–brain barrier: Structure, regulation and drug delivery
- 1,666citations
- Q1SCImago
- 2023year
Short summary
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) impedes drug delivery to the central nervous system, but new materials science and nanotechnology offer strategies like transcytosis, intranasal administration, and ligand conjugation to enhance brain penetration for treating CNS disorders.
AI-generated from the title and abstract; the full text is not read.
Key points
- The BBB prevents most drugs from entering the brain, complicating CNS disorder treatment.
- Materials science and nanotechnology offer tools for targeted drug delivery across the BBB.
- Emerging strategies include passive transcytosis, intranasal administration, ligand conjugation, and stimuli-triggered BBB disruption.
- The review analyzes diverse drug delivery systems (organic, inorganic, biologics-derived) for BBB crossing.
AI-generated from the title and abstract; the full text is not read.
Abstract
Blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a natural protective membrane that prevents central nervous system (CNS) from toxins and pathogens in blood. However, the presence of BBB complicates the pharmacotherapy for CNS disorders as the most chemical drugs and biopharmaceuticals have been impeded to enter the brain. Insufficient drug delivery into the brain leads to low therapeutic efficacy as well as aggravated side effects due to the accumulation in other organs and tissues. Recent breakthrough in materials science and nanotechnology provides a library of advanced materials with customized structure and property serving as a powerful toolkit for targeted drug delivery. In-depth research in the field of anatomical and pathological study on brain and BBB further facilitates the development of brain-targeted strategies for enhanced BBB crossing. In this review, the physiological structure and different cells contributing to this barrier are summarized. Various emerging strategies for permeability regulation and BBB crossing including passive transcytosis, intranasal administration, ligands conjugation, membrane coating, stimuli-triggered BBB disruption, and other strategies to overcome BBB obstacle are highlighted. Versatile drug delivery systems ranging from organic, inorganic, and biologics-derived materials with their synthesis procedures and unique physio-chemical properties are summarized and analyzed. This review aims to provide an up-to-date and comprehensive guideline for researchers in diverse fields, offering perspectives on further development of brain-targeted drug delivery system.
The authors' abstract, as published at the source. Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, 2023 · DOI ↗
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Field: Neurology (Neuroscience)
NeurologyNeuroscience