Applied Sciences· 2026Q2· Review
Surrogate Markers of Cardiorespiratory Fitness for Performance and Health: A Narrative Review
- 0citations
- Q2SCImago
- 2026year
Short summary
Time to fatigue emerges as the most comprehensive surrogate marker for cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in both general and athletic populations, correlating with CRF levels, performance, and health outcomes.
AI-generated from the title and abstract; the full text is not read.
Key points
- VO2peak tests are the gold standard for measuring cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) but are inaccessible to the general population and non-elite athletes.
- Easily implementable surrogate markers for CRF are needed for broader application.
- Time to fatigue is identified as the most complete surrogate marker for CRF across general and athletic populations.
- Surrogate markers correlate with CRF, athletic performance, and health outcomes.
AI-generated from the title and abstract; the full text is not read.
Abstract
Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is both an indicator of athletic performance and disease and mortality risk. The gold standard for measuring CRF is a VO2peak test, which is inaccessible to the general population and non-elite athletes. Thus, there is a need to identify surrogate markers for CRF that can easily be implemented in the general population and in athletes. This narrative review aims to identify easily measured surrogate markers of CRF that correlate with CRF and changes in CRF, predict or correlate with athletic performance, and correlate with health outcomes and changes in health outcomes. Time to fatigue was identified as the most complete surrogate marker of CRF in both the general population and in athletes. However, other surrogate markers of CRF, such as time trials, may also be implemented if time to fatigue is not suitable.
The authors' abstract, as published at the source. Applied Sciences, 2026 · DOI ↗
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Field: Complementary and alternative medicine
Complementary and alternative medicineMedicine