Current Opinion in Genetics & Development· 2024Q1· Review
Attraction and disruption: how loop extrusion and compartmentalisation shape the nuclear genome
- 16citations
- Q1SCImago
- 2024year
Short summary
Chromatin loops, key units of 3D genome organization, are shaped by loop extrusion (cohesin) and compartmentalisation (phase separation), which can interact to influence genome structure.
AI-generated from the title and abstract; the full text is not read.
Key points
- Chromatin loops are the basic units of the three-dimensional genome.
- Loop extrusion by cohesin complexes is a primary mechanism for forming chromatin loops.
- Compartmentalisation, often driven by phase separation, also contributes to genome organization.
- Loop extrusion and compartmentalisation can interact, affecting each other's function.
AI-generated from the title and abstract; the full text is not read.
Abstract
Chromatin loops, which bring two distal loci of the same chromosome into close physical proximity, are the ubiquitous units of the three-dimensional genome. Recent advances in understanding the spatial organisation of chromatin suggest that several distinct mechanisms control chromatin interactions, such as loop extrusion by cohesin complexes, compartmentalisation by phase separation, direct protein-protein interactions and others. Here, we review different types of chromatin loops and highlight the factors and processes involved in their regulation. We discuss how loop extrusion and compartmentalisation shape chromatin interactions and how these two processes can either positively or negatively influence each other.
The authors' abstract, as published at the source. Current Opinion in Genetics & Development, 2024 · DOI ↗
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Field: Molecular Biology
Molecular BiologyBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology