Molecules· 2020Q1· Review
Anthocyanins: A Comprehensive Review of Their Chemical Properties and Health Effects on Cardiovascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases
- 1,016citations
- Q1SCImago
- 2020year
Short summary
Anthocyanins, water-soluble flavonoids found in colorful fruits and vegetables, are absorbed and metabolized in the gut, producing hybrid microbial-human metabolites that increase bioavailability and offer health benefits for cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases.
AI-generated from the title and abstract; the full text is not read.
Key points
- Anthocyanins are water-soluble flavonoids found in red/purple fruits and vegetables.
- Absorption and metabolism primarily occur in the distal lower bowel via microbial and human phase II processes.
- This metabolism yields hybrid microbial-human metabolites, increasing anthocyanin bioavailability.
- Anthocyanins show health benefits, particularly in preventing cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases linked to oxidative stress.
- Recent evidence suggests a role for anthocyanins in modulating gut microbiota for health promotion.
AI-generated from the title and abstract; the full text is not read.
Abstract
Anthocyanins are a class of water-soluble flavonoids widely present in fruits and vegetables. Dietary sources of anthocyanins include red and purple berries, grapes, apples, plums, cabbage, or foods containing high levels of natural colorants. Cyanidin, delphinidin, malvidin, peonidin, petunidin, and pelargonidin are the six common anthocyanidins. Following consumption, anthocyanin, absorption occurs along the gastrointestinal tract, the distal lower bowel being the place where most of the absorption and metabolism occurs. In the intestine, anthocyanins first undergo extensive microbial catabolism followed by absorption and human phase II metabolism. This produces hybrid microbial-human metabolites which are absorbed and subsequently increase the bioavailability of anthocyanins. Health benefits of anthocyanins have been widely described, especially in the prevention of diseases associated with oxidative stress, such as cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, recent evidence suggests that health-promoting effects attributed to anthocyanins may also be related to modulation of gut microbiota. In this paper we attempt to provide a comprehensive view of the state-of-the-art literature on anthocyanins, summarizing recent findings on their chemistry, biosynthesis, nutritional value and on their effects on human health.
The authors' abstract, as published at the source. Molecules, 2020 · DOI ↗
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Field: Biochemistry (Medicine)
BiochemistryMedicine