Annual Review of Immunology· 2013Q1· Review
TGF-β Activation and Function in Immunity
- 832citations
- Q1SCImago
- 2013year
Short summary
Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is a critical regulator of immune responses, with its activation state determining whether it dampens or promotes T cell activity.
AI-generated from the title and abstract; the full text is not read.
Key points
- TGF-β has pleiotropic effects on adaptive immunity, influencing both effector and regulatory CD4(+) T cells.
- TGF-β is secreted in an inactive complex and requires activation to become functionally effective.
- Integrin family members play a crucial role in the activation of latent TGF-β.
- The context-specific activation of TGF-β determines its ability to dampen or promote T cell responses.
AI-generated from the title and abstract; the full text is not read.
Abstract
The cytokine TGF-β plays an integral role in regulating immune responses. TGF-β has pleiotropic effects on adaptive immunity, especially in the regulation of effector and regulatory CD4(+) T cell responses. Many immune and nonimmune cells can produce TGF-β, but it is always produced as an inactive complex that must be activated to exert functional effects. Thus, activation of latent TGF-β provides a crucial layer of regulation that controls TGF-β function. In this review, we highlight some of the important functional roles for TGF-β in immunity, focusing on its context-specific roles in either dampening or promoting T cell responses. We also describe how activation of TGF-β controls its function in the immune system, with a focus on the key roles for members of the integrin family in this process.
The authors' abstract, as published at the source. Annual Review of Immunology, 2013 · DOI ↗
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Field: Immunology and Allergy
Immunology and AllergyMedicine