Science· 2014Q1
Neuronal Activity Promotes Oligodendrogenesis and Adaptive Myelination in the Mammalian Brain
- 1,455citations
- Q1SCImago
- 2014year
Short summary
Neuronal activity directly stimulates the birth and maturation of myelin-producing cells (oligodendrocytes) and increases myelination in the brain. This activity-driven myelination improves motor function.
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Key points
- Optogenetic stimulation of neuronal activity increased neural progenitor and OPC proliferation.
- Neuronal activity promoted oligodendrogenesis and increased myelination in targeted brain areas.
- Activity-induced myelination improved corresponding limb motor function.
- Blocking oligodendrocyte differentiation prevented the behavioral improvements.
AI-generated from the title and abstract; the full text is not read.
Abstract
Myelination of the central nervous system requires the generation of functionally mature oligodendrocytes from oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). Electrically active neurons may influence OPC function and selectively instruct myelination of an active neural circuit. In this work, we use optogenetic stimulation of the premotor cortex in awake, behaving mice to demonstrate that neuronal activity elicits a mitogenic response of neural progenitor cells and OPCs, promotes oligodendrogenesis, and increases myelination within the deep layers of the premotor cortex and subcortical white matter. We further show that this neuronal activity-regulated oligodendrogenesis and myelination is associated with improved motor function of the corresponding limb. Oligodendrogenesis and myelination appear necessary for the observed functional improvement, as epigenetic blockade of oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelin changes prevents the activity-regulated behavioral improvement.
The authors' abstract, as published at the source. Science, 2014 · DOI ↗
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Field: Developmental Neuroscience
Developmental NeuroscienceNeuroscience