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iScience· 2026Q1

Spatiotemporal development of sparse excitatory neuronal types within the deep mouse cortex

Shalini Iyer, Mark S. Cembrowski

Short summary

Single-cell spatial transcriptomics reveals distinct developmental trajectories for deep cortical neurons in the mouse subplate and claustrum, challenging the assumption of similar origins and maturation patterns.

AI-generated from the title and abstract; the full text is not read.

Key points

  • Single-cell spatial transcriptomics was used to analyze over 1.5 million brain cells across embryonic and postnatal development.
  • Deep cortical neurons of the subplate and claustrum were investigated, previously thought to have similar developmental patterns.
  • Distinct origins, transcriptomic evolution, and spatiotemporal maturation were identified between developing subplate and claustrum neurons.
  • The study included data from both sexes across four developmental time points.

AI-generated from the title and abstract; the full text is not read.

Abstract

Revealing the spatiotemporal organization of cell-type development is critical for understanding cortical patterning and function. To map the temporal evolution and spatial patterning of cell types in the developing mouse brain, here we employ single-cell spatial transcriptomics across four developmental time points and both sexes. We generate a dataset of >1.5 million brain cells across embryonic and postnatal time points and focus on deep cortical neurons of the subplate and claustrum, which have typically been thought to have similar developmental patterns due to shared molecular properties in adulthood. We find significant differences between the developing subplate and claustrum, including distinct origins, transcriptomic evolution, and spatiotemporal maturation, illustrating that these neurons likely play critical yet distinct roles in development. Our single-cell spatial transcriptomics dataset, encompassing a variety of cell types across time points and sexes, will facilitate future study of cell types in brain development.

The authors' abstract, as published at the source. iScience, 2026 · DOI ↗

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Field: Developmental Neuroscience

Developmental NeuroscienceNeuroscience