British Journal of Sports Medicine· 2016Q1· Review
Effects of high-intensity interval training on cardiometabolic health: a systematic review and meta-analysis of intervention studies
- 797citations
- Q1SCImago
- 2016year
Short summary
High-intensity interval training (HIIT) significantly improves VO2 max, blood pressure, and fasting glucose in overweight/obese adults, with longer durations also reducing waist circumference and body fat.
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Key points
- Short-term HIIT (<12 weeks) significantly improves VO2 max (SMD 0.74), diastolic blood pressure (SMD -0.52), and fasting glucose (SMD -0.35) in overweight/obese adults.
- Long-term HIIT (≥12 weeks) further improves VO2 max (SMD 1.20), waist circumference (SMD -0.20), % body fat (SMD -0.40), resting heart rate (SMD -0.33), and blood pressure (SMD -0.35 to -0.38).
- HIIT did not significantly affect insulin, lipid profile, C-reactive protein, or interleukin-6 levels in overweight/obese individuals.
- In normal weight populations, only VO2 max showed significant improvement with HIIT.
AI-generated from the title and abstract; the full text is not read.
Abstract
The current review clarifies the cardiometabolic health effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in adults. A systematic search (PubMed) examining HIIT and cardiometabolic health markers was completed on 15 October 2015. Sixty-five intervention studies were included for review and the methodological quality of included studies was assessed using the Downs and Black score. Studies were classified by intervention duration and body mass index classification. Outcomes with at least 5 effect sizes were synthesised using a random-effects meta-analysis of the standardised mean difference (SMD) in cardiometabolic health markers (baseline to postintervention) using Review Manager 5.3. Short-term (ST) HIIT (<12 weeks) significantly improved maximal oxygen uptake (VO 2 max; SMD 0.74, 95% CI 0.36 to 1.12; p<0.001), diastolic blood pressure (DBP; SMD −0.52, 95% CI −0.89 to −0.16; p<0.01) and fasting glucose (SMD −0.35, 95% CI −0.62 to −0.09; p<0.01) in overweight/obese populations. Long-term (LT) HIIT (≥12 weeks) significantly improved waist circumference (SMD −0.20, 95% CI −0.38 to −0.01; p<0.05), % body fat (SMD −0.40, 95% CI −0.74 to −0.06; p<0.05), VO 2 max (SMD 1.20, 95% CI 0.57 to 1.83; p<0.001), resting heart rate (SMD −0.33, 95% CI −0.56 to −0.09; p<0.01), systolic blood pressure (SMD −0.35, 95% CI −0.60 to −0.09; p<0.01) and DBP (SMD −0.38, 95% CI −0.65 to −0.10; p<0.01) in overweight/obese populations. HIIT demonstrated no effect on insulin, lipid profile, C reactive protein or interleukin 6 in overweight/obese populations. In normal weight populations, ST-HIIT and LT-HIIT significantly improved VO 2 max, but no other significant effects were observed. Current evidence suggests that ST-HIIT and LT-HIIT can increase VO 2 max and improve some cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight/obese populations.
The authors' abstract, as published at the source. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 2016 · DOI ↗
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Field: Complementary and alternative medicine
Complementary and alternative medicineMedicine