Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology· 2015Q1· Preprint
Oligodendrocyte Development and Plasticity
- 590citations
- Q1SCImago
- 2015year
Short summary
Oligodendrocytes (OLs) and their precursors (OPCs) exhibit experience-dependent adaptive myelination in the adult CNS, responding to axonal activity to generate more OLs and myelin locally, which is crucial for plasticity and learning like motor learning.
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Key points
- OPCs originate in ventricular zones and migrate to differentiate into myelinating OLs.
- OPCs persist in the adult CNS, continuing to divide and generate OLs at a reduced rate.
- Adult OPCs respond to injury by increasing cell division and OL production.
- OPCs form synapses with axons and exhibit experience-dependent adaptive myelination.
- Adaptive myelination is linked to plasticity and learning, such as motor learning.
AI-generated from the title and abstract; the full text is not read.
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) originate in the ventricular zones (VZs) of the brain and spinal cord and migrate throughout the developing central nervous system (CNS) before differentiating into myelinating oligodendrocytes (OLs). It is not known whether OPCs or OLs from different parts of the VZ are functionally distinct. OPCs persist in the postnatal CNS, where they continue to divide and generate myelinating OLs at a decreasing rate throughout adult life in rodents. Adult OPCs respond to injury or disease by accelerating their cell cycle and increasing production of OLs to replace lost myelin. They also form synapses with unmyelinated axons and respond to electrical activity in those axons by generating more OLs and myelin locally. This experience-dependent "adaptive" myelination is important in some forms of plasticity and learning, for example, motor learning. We review the control of OL lineage development, including OL population dynamics and adaptive myelination in the adult CNS.
The authors' abstract, as published at the source. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology, 2015 · DOI ↗
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Field: Developmental Neuroscience
Developmental NeuroscienceNeuroscience